Ganglioside GT1b (59247-13-1)

Ganglioside GT1b (59247-13-1) wikiō

ʻO Ganglioside GT1b Snāʻike

He aha ʻO Ganglioside GT1b?

ʻO ka inoa ʻo Ganglioside i hoʻohana mua ʻia e ka ʻepekema Kelemania ʻo Ernst Klenk i ka 1942 i nā lipid kaʻawale hou mai nā pūnana ganglion lolo. He mole ia i haku ʻia o glycosphingolipids (ceramides a me oligosaccharides) a hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha mau waikawa sialic e pili ana i ke kaulahao kō. ʻO ia kahi ʻāpana o ka membrane cytoplasmic e hoʻoponopono i nā hanana transduction hōʻailona cellular. Ma mua o 60 mau ʻano o nā gangliosides i ʻike ʻia, a ʻo ka ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o lākou ke kūlana a me ka helu o nā koena NANA.

ʻO Ganglioside GT1b kekahi o nā gangliosides he nui a he ganglioside trisialic me ʻelua mau koena waikawa sialic i hoʻopili ʻia i kahi ʻāpana galactose o loko. Loaʻa iā ia kahi hopena inhibitory i ka pane pale pale humoral o ke kino. Ma 0.1-10 μM, hiki iā ia ke pale i ka hana kūlohelohe o IgG, IgM a me IgA e nā hunaola mononuclear koko ākea kanaka. Ua noi ʻia ʻo Ganglioside GT1b ma ke ʻano he receptor cell host no ka Merkel cell polyoma virus a ma ke ʻano he mea hiki ke hoʻoulu i nā maʻi i hiki ke loaʻa i ka cell cancer cancer.

Ua hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo Ganglioside GT1b i kekahi mau kano neuronal a ua manaʻo ʻia he ganglioside e pili ana me ka metastases o ka lolo. Ua ʻike nā noiʻi ua loaʻa nā GM1, GD1a, a me GT1b i ka hopena inhibitory i ka epidermal grow factor factor receptor hōʻailona a me ka hoʻopulapula a me ka neʻe o nā keratinocytes, a me ko lākou heleʻana he mau biomarker kūpono no ka loiloi i ka pakanā metastatic potae.

Hoʻopili pū ʻo Ganglioside GT1b i ka ʻōnaehana pale. He hopena ka Ganglioside GT1b i ka hopena pale kino humoral o ke kino o ke kanaka a kāpae i nā immunoglobulins i hana ʻia e nā hunaola mononuclear koko ākea kanaka. Aia kekahi hōʻike e hiki i ka GD1b, GT1b, a me GQ1b ke hoʻonui i ka hana o Th1 cytokines ma o ka pāpā ʻana i ka hana o adenylate cyclase, ʻoiai ke kāohi nei i ka hana o Th2.

E like me ka mea e nānā ai i nā mea ʻona o nā ʻano oligosaccharide, he ganglioside GT1b ka mea ʻona e komo ai i loko o Clostridium botulinum bacterium botulinum neurotoxin i loko o nā wahi a ka nul. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina e pili ana i nā toxin tetanus i nā ʻāpana o ke kanalā ma o ka hoʻopili ʻana me GT1b a me nā gangliosides ʻē aʻe, e pale ai i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka neurotransmitters i ka pūnao hooliu ma waena o nā hanana, a me ke kumu i ka maʻi pālohi. ʻO ka huaolomox Culotoxin e hele nei i loko o ka nerve ua nānā i ka hopena apoptotic o nā puʻupuʻu i hoʻopuka ʻia e ka ganglioside GT1b e hoʻopili ana i ka neuroblastoma.

Eia kekahi, hōʻino maikaʻi ka ganglioside GT1b i ka neʻe o ka cell, diffusion, a me ka hoʻopili i ka fibronectin (FN) ma o nā pilina molekole a me ka subunit α5 o α5β1 integrin, kahi ʻike e hiki ke hoʻohana e hoʻomohala i nā lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o ka GT1b a me ka MAG ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā neurons e hiki ai ke hoʻoponopono i ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka GT1b i ka membrane plasma o nā neurons, ka hopena o ka pale ʻana o ka ulu ʻana o ka neurite.

Loaʻa i ka pono o Ganglioside GT1b

ʻO ganglioside GT1b ka mea hoʻohālikelike o ka glycosphingolipid ka mea e hoʻopalupula ai i nā puʻu lipid i nā selona neuronal o ke kumu launa waena a ua komo i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa o ka cell, hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, adhesion, transduction hōʻailona, ​​cell-to-cell interaction, tumorigenesis, a me metastasis.

Hiki i nā pane Autoimmune i nā gangliosides ke alakaʻi iā Guillain-Barre Syndrome. Hoʻokomo ʻo Ganglioside GT1b i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana o ka neuramine dopaminergic, i hiki ke kōkua i ka hoʻomaka a hoʻomohala ʻana paha i ka maʻi o Parkinson.

ʻO ganglioside GT1b kahi mea hoʻohālikelike o • OH nā mea ʻoki manuahi, e pale ai i ka lolo mai ka poino mtDNA, ka hopu a me ka peroid ka lipid pero i hoʻoneʻe ʻia e ka mea hana hoʻomehana olakino.

Hōʻike ʻo tumakoko Ehrlich i ka ganglioside GT1b, a me nā anti-GT1b ka hopena lapaʻau kiʻekiʻe loa no kēia maʻi maʻi. Pili pū ka hui ganglioside me Miller Fisher syndrome.

Nā hopena o ka ʻO Ganglioside GT1b

Hiki i ka gangliosides ke nakinaki i nā kūkākūkā, hana like me nā mea hoʻonaninani a me ka hoʻonanea ʻana i nā cell, komo i ka hōʻailona ʻana i ke kelepona, carcinogenesis a me nā hoʻokaʻawale cell, pili i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka plasenta a me ka ulu ʻōiwi, komo i ka hoʻokau ʻana o myelin a me ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana, a hana i nā maʻi a me ke kumu komo i nā mea huʻala i loko o nā wahi . ^ E Ha yM.

ʻO ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā ganglioside GT1b i hoʻopili ʻia i nā maʻi āpau e pili ana i nā maʻi Thai-Sachs a me nā maʻi Sandhof.

Hoʻopau ʻo Ganglioside GT1b i ka antigen a i ʻole mitogen-i hoʻokomo ʻia e ka pane T cell proliferation a ua ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he botulinum toxin receptor, kahi mea make kakaikahi me nā hopena physiological koʻikoʻi.

Aia ʻo Ganglioside GT1b ma kahi o nā wahi aʻa a hōʻike ʻia ma ka adventitia. Paipai ʻo GT1b i ka hoʻokaʻawale neuronal a me ka hoʻokumu dendritic, kahi e hoʻopuka ai i ka hana noxious a hoʻonui i ka hyperalgesia a me ka allodynia.

Hiki i ka Ganglioside GT1b ke hoʻopili i ka ʻōnaehana pale. Loaʻa iā ia kahi hopena inhibitory i ka pane o ke kino o ke kino o ke kanaka a pale i ka immunoglobulin i hana ʻia e nā hunaola mononuclear koko kanaka.

Hoʻohui, pili ʻo Ganglioside GT1b me nā ʻano maʻi aʻe: influenza, guillain – garré syndrome, cholera, tetanus, botulism, lepera a me ka momona.

Reference:

• ʻO Erickson, KD, Garcea, RL, a me Tsai, B. Ganglioside GT1b he putative host cell receptor no ka Merkel cell polyomavirus. Journal of Virology 83 (19), 10275-10279 (2009).
• Kanda, N., a me Tamaki, K. Ganglioside GT1b i kāohi i ka hana immunoglobulin e nā selipela mononuclear blood peripheral. Immunology 96 (4), 628-633 (1999).
• ʻO Schengrund, C.-L., DasGupta, BR, a me Ringler, NJ Binding o botulinum a tetanus neurotoxins i ganglioside GT1b a me nā kumuwaiwai. J. Neurochem. 57 (3), 1024-1032 (1991).
• ʻO Gangliosides, kūkulu, hanana, biology a me nā kālailai. Waihona Lipid. Ka ʻAhahui Kaila ʻAilika ʻAmelika. Waihona ʻia mai ke kumu ma 2009-12-17.
• Nicole Gaude, Ka Moolelo o Biological Chemistry, Vol. 279: 33 pp. 34624-34630, 2004.
• ʻO Elizabeth R Sturgill, ʻo Kazuhiro Aoki, ʻo Pablo HH Lopez, a pēlā aku. ʻO Biosynthesis o nā gangliosides lolo nui GD1a a me GT1b. Glycobiology, Volume 22, Helu 10, ʻOkakopa 2012, ʻAoʻao 1289–