Ganglioside GT1b (59247-13-1)

Description

Ganglioside GT1b Snāʻike

He aha ʻO Ganglioside GT1b?

Ua hoʻohana mua ʻia ka inoa ʻo Ganglioside e ke kanaka ʻepekema Kelemania ʻo Ernst Klenk i 1942 i nā lipids lūlū. ʻO ia kahi ʻōpelika e haku ʻia ai nā glycosphingolipids (ceramides a me oligosaccharides) a he hoʻokahi a i ʻole kekahi o nā nui sialic i hoʻopili ʻia me kahi kaulahao gula. ʻO ia kahi mahele o ka membrane cytoplasmic e hoʻoponopono ana i nā hanana celld transduction mau hanana. Ma mua o 60 mau ʻano o ka gangliosides i ʻike ʻia, a ʻo ka ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o lākou ʻo ke kūlana a me ka helu o nā koena o NANA.

ʻO ganglioside GT1b kekahi o nā gangliosides he nui a he ganglioside trisialic me nā koena sialic waʻala e pili ana i kahi kikowaena galactose internal. Loaʻa iā ia nā hopena ʻeha i ke ʻano kūlohelohe o ke kino o ke kino. I ka 0.1-10 μM, hiki ke pale i ka hoʻoneʻe spontan o ka IgG, IgM a me IgA e nā kānaka peripheral koko mononuclear. Ua koho ʻia hoʻi ʻo Ganglioside GT1b ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻokipa cell host for Merkel cell polyoma virus a me kahi ala e hiki ai ke hoʻonāukiuki i nā maʻi maʻi kumu e pili ana i ka carcinoma cell Merkel.

Ua hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo Ganglioside GT1b i kekahi mau kano neuronal a ua manaʻo ʻia he ganglioside e pili ana me ka metastases o ka lolo. Ua ʻike nā noiʻi ua loaʻa nā GM1, GD1a, a me GT1b i ka hopena inhibitory i ka epidermal grow factor factor receptor hōʻailona a me ka hoʻopulapula a me ka neʻe o nā keratinocytes, a me ko lākou heleʻana he mau biomarker kūpono no ka loiloi i ka pakanā metastatic potae.

Hoʻokomo pū ka ganglioside GT1b i ka ʻōnaehana pale. Ua loaʻa i ka ganglioside GT1b ka hopena o ka pale i ke kūlohelohe o ke kūlohelohe o ke kino o ke kino o ke kanaka a ke pale aku i ka immunoglobulins i hoʻohālikelike ʻia e nā selononarela koko peripheral kanaka. ʻAʻohe manaʻo i hiki i ka GD1b, GT1b, a me GQ1b ke hoʻoikaika i ka hana o nā cytokines Th1 ma ka pale ʻana i ka hana o ka cyclase adenylate, aʻo ka pale ʻana i ka hana o Th2.

E like me ka mea e nānā ai i nā mea ʻona o nā ʻano oligosaccharide, he ganglioside GT1b ka mea ʻona e komo ai i loko o Clostridium botulinum bacterium botulinum neurotoxin i loko o nā wahi a ka nul. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina e pili ana i nā toxin tetanus i nā ʻāpana o ke kanalā ma o ka hoʻopili ʻana me GT1b a me nā gangliosides ʻē aʻe, e pale ai i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka neurotransmitters i ka pūnao hooliu ma waena o nā hanana, a me ke kumu i ka maʻi pālohi. ʻO ka huaolomox Culotoxin e hele nei i loko o ka nerve ua nānā i ka hopena apoptotic o nā puʻupuʻu i hoʻopuka ʻia e ka ganglioside GT1b e hoʻopili ana i ka neuroblastoma.

Eia kekahi, hōʻino maikaʻi ka ganglioside GT1b i ka neʻe o ka cell, diffusion, a me ka hoʻopili i ka fibronectin (FN) ma o nā pilina molekole a me ka subunit α5 o α5β1 integrin, kahi ʻike e hiki ke hoʻohana e hoʻomohala i nā lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o ka GT1b a me ka MAG ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā neurons e hiki ai ke hoʻoponopono i ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka GT1b i ka membrane plasma o nā neurons, ka hopena o ka pale ʻana o ka ulu ʻana o ka neurite.

Loaʻa i ka pono o Ganglioside GT1b

ʻO ganglioside GT1b ka mea hoʻohālikelike o ka glycosphingolipid ka mea e hoʻopalupula ai i nā puʻu lipid i nā selona neuronal o ke kumu launa waena a ua komo i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa o ka cell, hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, adhesion, transduction hōʻailona, ​​cell-to-cell interaction, tumorigenesis, a me metastasis.

Hiki i nā pane Autoimmune i nā gangliosides ke alakaʻi i ka maʻi Guillain-Barre. ʻO ganglioside GT1b e hoʻohālikelike i ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i nā neuron dopaminergic, hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia i ka hoʻomaka a hoʻomau ʻia paha ka maʻi o Parkinson.

ʻO ganglioside GT1b kahi mea hoʻohālikelike o • OH nā mea ʻoki manuahi, e pale ai i ka lolo mai ka poino mtDNA, ka hopu a me ka peroid ka lipid pero i hoʻoneʻe ʻia e ka mea hana hoʻomehana olakino.

Hōʻike ʻo tumakoko Ehrlich i ka ganglioside GT1b, a me nā anti-GT1b ka hopena lapaʻau kiʻekiʻe loa no kēia maʻi maʻi. Pili pū ka hui ganglioside me Miller Fisher syndrome.

Nā hopena o ka ʻO Ganglioside GT1b

Hiki i ka gangliosides ke nakinaki i nā kūkākūkā, hana like me nā mea hoʻonaninani a me ka hoʻonanea ʻana i nā cell, komo i ka hōʻailona ʻana i ke kelepona, carcinogenesis a me nā hoʻokaʻawale cell, pili i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka plasenta a me ka ulu ʻōiwi, komo i ka hoʻokau ʻana o myelin a me ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana, a hana i nā maʻi a me ke kumu komo i nā mea huʻala i loko o nā wahi . ^ E Ha yM.

ʻO ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā ganglioside GT1b i hoʻopili ʻia i nā maʻi āpau e pili ana i nā maʻi Thai-Sachs a me nā maʻi Sandhof.

The ganglioside GT1b pale i antigen a i ʻole mitogen-induced T cell proliferation pane a ua ʻike ʻia he botulinum toxin receptor, kahi meaola luhi me nā hopena physiological nui.

Loaʻa ka ganglioside GT1b i kahi kokoke loa i loko o nā ʻili sela a ua hōʻike ʻia ma ka hoʻoilina. Hoʻokumu ʻo GT1b i ka hoʻokaʻawale neuronal a me ka hoʻokumu dendritic, e hana ana i ka hanana noxious a hoʻonui i ka hyperalgesia a me allodynia.

Hiki i ka ganglioside GT1b ka hopena i ka ʻōnaehana. He hopena ʻeha i loko o ka pane kino humoral o ke kino o ke kanaka a ke pale aku i ka imunoglobulin i hoʻohālikelike ʻia e nā cell peripheral blood mononuclear.

Hoʻopili ia, pili ʻo Ganglioside GT1b i kēia mau maʻi e pili ana i ka maʻi: influenza, guillain-garré syndrome, cholera, tetanus, botulism, lepera a me ka momona.

Reference:

• ʻO Erickson, KD, Garcea, RL, a me Tsai, B. Ganglioside GT1b he putative host cell receptor no ka Merkel cell polyomavirus. Journal of Virology 83 (19), 10275-10279 (2009).
• Kanda, N., a me Tamaki, K. Ganglioside GT1b i kāohi i ka hana immunoglobulin e nā selipela mononuclear blood peripheral. Immunology 96 (4), 628-633 (1999).
• ʻO Schengrund, C.-L., DasGupta, BR, a me Ringler, NJ Binding o botulinum a tetanus neurotoxins i ganglioside GT1b a me nā kumuwaiwai. J. Neurochem. 57 (3), 1024-1032 (1991).
• Gangliosides, hana, ka hanana, biology a me ka nānā ' Lipid Pukapuka. ʻO ka Hui ʻAmelika Hui PūʻIaʻAmelika. Kuhi ʻia mai ka mea mua ma 2009-12-17.
• Nicole Gaude, Ka Moolelo o Biological Chemistry, Vol. 279: 33 pp. 34624-34630, 2004.
• ʻO Elizabeth R Sturgill, Kazuhiro Aoki, Pablo HH Lopez, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe o Biosynthesis o ka gangliosides o nā lolo nui o GD1a a me GT1b. Glycobiology, Volume 22, Issue 10, ʻOkakopa 2012, ʻAoʻao 1289–